The Journaling of Godfrey 701

An explosive email, put forth by an opposition figure and published in the local press, appeared to implicate Meghalaya’s Chief Minister, Dr. Mukul Sangma, in the use of militants to intimidate voters and silence critics. At least in part out of concern about Beijing’s growing influence in Burma, New Delhi offered no criticism of the genocidal attacks on the Rohingya, which displaced more than 850,000 people. Moreover, in 2018, India and Burma held their first bilateral military exercises. Demonstrating Naypyidaw’s recognition of New Delhi as a counterweight to Beijing, Burma’s military conducted raids on insurgent camps in 2019, and extradited twenty-two Indian guerrillas in May 2020. Indian officials believe that in exchange for their assistance fighting ethnic armed groups challenging the junta, northeastern Indian separatists have been given free rein to reestablish bases in Burma. India is also facing cross-border inflows of refugees, some of whom are rebels fighting the Tatmadaw, using territory in Mizoram and other border states as a safe rear area.



At the same time, the British government also supported the Christian missionaries to move in and establish schools, hospitals and churches. The missionaries introduced remarkable changes in the north-eastern society and modern progressive ideas prevailed amongst the tribal youth. It also helped the Britishers in keeping the nationalist (pro-independence) influence out of the tribal areas. He also added that the increase in militant activities had adversely affected trade, commerce and economic development. Urging people to oppose all forms of terrorism and violence, Laloo emphasized on peace and harmony in the state.
After Independence, the Government of India focused on people-to-people contact and gave special attention to tribal policy. The Sixth Schedule of our Constitution is exclusively for this region and it provides for self-rule, autonomy and decentralization. Meghalaya is on the cusp of becoming a success story of Indian Counterinsurgency involving Police, the indigenous force of the state. The two state in Northeastern India which have managed to rusticate themselves out of the insurgent vortex are Tripura and Mizoram. This can primarily be attributed to the fact that the indigenous force spearheaded the campaign instead of an outside entity .

Through the HALC, theHynniewtreps were represented by present-day Khasis and Jaintias; and they allied with the Achiks in their common struggle against theDhkars. However, this unity did not last long due to several conflicts of interests between Khasis and Jaintias on one hand, and the Garos on the other. Finally, the HALC split into the Achik Matgrik Liberation Army and the Hynniewtrep National Liberation Council formed of the joint Systeng-Khasi alliance. The HNLC and the ANVC continued to clash because each had conflicting objectives on how to constitute Meghalaya.
The government reportedly subjected applicants born in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, including children born to military officers deployed in the state, to additional scrutiny and police clearances before issuing them passports. Refugees reported exploitation by nongovernment actors, including assaults, gender-based violence, frauds, and labor exploitation. Also, problems of domestic violence, sexual abuse, and early and forced marriage continued. Most urban refugees worked in the informal sector or in occupations such as street vending, where they suffered from police extortion, nonpayment of wages, and exploitation. In 2015 the Supreme Court struck down a provision of information technology law that had resulted in a significant number of arrests between 2012 and 2015 for content published on social media. The Supreme Court upheld other provisions authorizing the government to block certain online content.

The outcomes of this project will be a series of photographs, a set of picture postcards, a book and an exhibition. The Project Coordinator’s deliverables to IFA with the final report will be the photographs, the picture postcards, the book, and still and video documentation of the exhibition. Project funds will pay for honorarium, travel and living, book design and production, professional fees, venue hire, printing and the exhibition. For the Foundation Project implemented by IFA which will explore the role that the music programmes of the All India Radio Aizawl played in the lives of ordinary people in Mizoram, amid the depressing reality of insurgency and state repression.
Arraignment of detainees must occur within 24 hours unless authorities hold the suspect under a preventive detention law. State authorities invoked preventive detention laws, most frequently in Delhi but also in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Jammu and Kashmir. Police may detain an individual without charge for up to 30 days, although an arrested person must be brought before a judge within 24 hours of arrest.
First, it opens up multiple fronts for the counter-insurgency agencies like police, army intelligence, etc., and keeps them busy elsewhere rather than concentrating in the strongholds of the core insurgent group. Next, it helps the core insurgent group to mobilise additional resources from areas beyond its sphere of influence as well as provides the necessary cover-up for its operations in altogether different ethno-social milieu. They tilt towards making closer affinities in the Shan and Kachin states of Burma and Bangladesh's Chitagong Hill Tract. According to the Ministry of Home Affairs, between 2003 and 2004 alone, militancy in the state had taken the lives of 52 innocent civilians, besides hundreds of incidents of kidnapping, extortion, arms smuggling, and clashes with armed forces and the state police.

In an attempt to re-strategise the government's approach to deal with the mushrooming of militant groups, Meghalaya Chief Minister Mukul Sangma on Wednesday said his government is offering a one-time peace settlement with all militant groups active in the state. Warjri claimed responsibility for the law and order situation in the Garo Hills region where police is facing a tough battle to neutralise outlawed militants. Meghalaya's hope of seeing through a peaceful Assembly election was reinforced when the state police announced that Sohan D Shira was killed. Dimasa Welfare Council will be set up by the Assam government to protect, preserve and promote a social, cultural, and linguistic identity to meet political, economic and educational aspirations of the Dimasa people.
On April 21, several Gotti Koya huts were burned, and on September 16, 36 huts were pulled down as a woman tied herself to a tree in an effort to stop authorities from carrying out the operation. On October 13, the Hyderabad High Court directed the Telangana government not to displace the Gotti Koya tribal members or demolish their dwelling units. The trend of delaying issuance and renewal of passports to citizens from the state of Jammu and Kashmir continued, sometimes up to two years.

They therefore set up a more effective administration, while allowing limited autonomy. This area was not therefore given a segregated ‘Excluded Area’ status as was done for Nagaland and Mizoram and was amalgamated into the Assam administration. The British set about civilising the tribals through conversion to Christianity. As they were not segregated and there was greater interaction with other communities unlike the other hill states, they progressively accepted their merger with the Indian Union more gracefully, whilst maintaining their culture modified by Christian and western influence. Political Awakening Independence brought political awakening; demands for a separate state started from 1949. In 1952 the Khasis and Mizos led the demand for a separate tribal identity as they felt the Assam government was neglecting them.
Sangma also formed the Security and Law and Order subcommittee which would deliberate how to maintain peace and stability in the area. Army and central security forces remained stationed at conflict areas in the northeast. Tripura is the third-smallest state in the country, bordering states of Assam and Mizoram in the east and surrounded by Bangladesh on the other three sides adversely affecting its demography peace, progress, economy and tranquility. Over all, Tripura remained peaceful as the activities of NLFT and ATTF were contained. The demographic distortion has caused disturbance in the region which the union and state governments seem to overlook owing to the need for self-preservation due to narrow political considerations. There is a view that tribal insurgency in the northeast is the result of a feeling of increasing marginalisation of the concerned tribal groups.

For research into the narratives of the Khla or the tiger as a cultural, social and political symbol in Khasi cultural practices. Western military and political leaders would do well to study the ongoing situation in the Seven Sisters. China’s low-key assistance to Indian insurgent groups, as well as its aid to proxies in Burma that support Indian rebels, do not generate headlines or much attention from international observers. Instead, these methods provide a low-cost, high-deniability asymmetric tool for China’s intelligence services and military to harass India in their ongoing gray-zone conflict.
Government officials reportedly often failed to comply with a Supreme Court order instructing the central government and local authorities to conduct regular checks on police stations to monitor custodial violence. Nongovernmental forces, including organized insurgents and terrorists, committed numerous killings and bombings in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, the northeastern states, and Maoist-affected areas (see section 1.g.). Maoists in Jharkhand and Bihar continued to attack security forces and key infrastructure facilities such as roads, railways, and communication towers.